Pdf the experience of dp and furan in remnant life. In addition some other tests are also carried out by the consumer at site before commissioning and also periodically. I just received an oil analysis result for a transformer. According to chris adsett, techenomics general manager, like all preventative maintenance tools regular furan analysis can help prevent major damage or failure of a transformer before it occurs and shows when to rewind or retire a transformer. In this test, the rated voltage is applied to the primary usually lowv. Furan content of the transformer was monitored since then. The furan content in the transformer oil had reached 12739 ppb by april 2008. Mlgws transformer department performs many diagnostic transformer tests. Transmission power transformer assessment using furan. These degradation products are substituted furan derivatives, commonly referred to as furanic compounds or furans. The first one is oil sample test, wherein the transformer oil is tested for its gas composition and ratio of appropriate dissolved gases is considered and thus the transformer condition can be analyzed. The degradation materials produce co and co2 gases. It should be pointed out that it is difficult to derive an exact dp value correlation from the furan content.
Do not attempt to run an excitation test on a transformer immediately after using dc test equipment. Pdf on nov 1, 2011, luiz cheim and others published furan analysis for liquid power transformers find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Evaluation of transformer condition using individual and tdcg concentrations. Furans, dp, percent of life used, of paper insulation. After that an opening of the transformer was performed to approve and to make a visual verification of the. Power transformer insulation assessment based on oil. The transformer failed in service while undergoing poweron purification to remove moisture from the insulating oil. For typical power transformer, with an oil to paper ratio of 20. This test is very reliable for condition monitoring of physical condition of transformer windings. Following is an approximate sequence for transformer testing. Astm d5837 15 standard test method for furanic compounds. Prior to furan analysis, dissolved gas analysis in oil was the only noninvasive test performed on transformers that could indicate internal problems. The three methods are conventional oil test, furan derivatives test and markov models criteria.
Transformer oil testing is a proven loss prevention technique which should be a part of any condition. To determine of the life of transformer and the condition of insulating component furan test conduct. An alternative, quicker and easier method of testing the papers dp is by analysing the transformer oil. Oil furan level standards test astm d5837 electric. Different types of transformers and their applications.
Furan testing of transformers oil linkedin slideshare. Furan analysis on transformer oil indicates the degree of degradation of the transformer paper insulation. Operation, maintenance and testing which includes course slides, cases studies, calculations and practical exercises four hours of additional indepth video sessions covering many additional areas yours to keep and watch at. Early detection of paper insulation breakdown can prevent major damage or failure to the power transformer. Furan testing is a way of determining the life of a transformer before this occurs. This is usually done in transformers aging above 15 years. I was able to find several references for the standard values from the ieee and other sources for the dissolved gases for each gas and for the several ratios, physical properties of the oil, water content, etc, but i just cant find anything about the furans.
Furan analysis allows to determine the condition of the paper insulation, which reflects the condition of the transformer. By comparing test data taken after the fault to previous test data, damage to the transformer can be determined. Vis spectral response and furan measurement of transformer oil, in condition monitoring and diagnosis, 2008. A conventional faulty oilimmersed transformer 400 v 10 kv, 100 kva was diagnosed and tested with different methods. Furan measurement in transformer oil by uvvis spectroscopy using fuzzy logic approach. Recently, mlgw has added furan analysis to its diagnostic tests.
Sweep frequency response analysis test or in short sfra test can detect efficiently, displacement of transformer core, deformation and displacement of winding, faulty core grounds, collapse of partial winding, broken or loosen clamp connections. Furan analysis of transformer oil transformer phases of matter. Residual magnetism will remain in the core and ruin the excitation current test results. A fast method for the analysis of 4 furanic compounds in transformer oil in 5. By the furan analysis, we check the condition of paper in transformer oil. Our data is based on the dp test results conducted on the samples collected at various strategic locations such as main lead, canopy, barrier boards etc. If compared with other key assets, such as motors and generators, a power transformer has. These products originate both from the oxidation of the oil and from the degradation of cellulose. Simple test kit for measuring furan in aged transformer. Conventional oil testing procedure includes determination of various properties of the transformer oil sample and analyzing the fault.
Furan tests power transformers blog expert safety and. The cellulose has a structure of long chain of molecules. The tests may include a group of standard dielectric fluid tests, plus combustible gasinoil tests, furan tests, and power factor tests. Transformers electric motors generators electrical drives. Study of furanic compounds in transformer oil study conclusions the main objective of establishing a data bank for various age groups of transformers has been met and the analysis of results detailed in chapter 7. Tm 5686 power transformer maintenance and acceptance. A power transformer outage has a dramatic financial consequence not only for electric. Every transformer owner therefore requires implementation of the best practices available to effectively manage transformer life and in turn get a good return on investment and revenue from the asset, and to minimize costly failures. In feb 2008, when the test was carried, the furan content had increased to 8530 ppb. Pdf furan analysis for liquid power transformers researchgate. Results confirmed the presence of degradation compounds generated over the years of transformer operation table 1.
The full technical ebook manual for practical transformers. There are various test required on transformer to conform performance of transformer. The report included the level of furan, according to the test astm d5837. Issued since 1953, the report compares current data with historical reports to evaluate product consistency. And, of course, the ever important and super sophisticated smell and visual test performed by the experienced service technician on site. What is the importance of furan analysis on transformer oil. Dissolved gas analysis dga test of transformer oil. Furan analysis of transformer oil free download as pdf file.
Hartford steam boiler uses test results in its transformer oil gas analyst toga program, for instance, to. Routine testing of transformer oils and insulating oils on a regular schedule is an accepted industry practice. Furan analysis by measuring the quantity and types of furans present in a transformer oil sample, the paper insulation overall dp can be inferred. Dissolved gas analysis of transformer oil electrical4u.
The experience of dp and furan in remnant life assessment of power transformer conference paper pdf available may 2008 with 1,806 reads how we measure reads. This test is conducted to determine the iron losses or core losses and parameters r0 and x0 of the transformer. The korean research institute has developed a simple test kit for measuring furan. Transformer 6 1 capacity 20 mva 2 voltage class 266 kv 3 make ngef 4 yom 1973 5 cooling onanonaf 6 oil type naptha 7 age 43 tests for oil properties, dga,furan were conducted according to the standards mentioned in table 1.
Review of physicochemicalbased diagnostic techniques. Liquid chromatography and its application in transformer. Historical test data is valuable for determinll damage to the transformer after a fault or failure has occurred elsewhere in the circuit. The parameters and results were compared with a normal working transformer with the same parameters and age. Samples are easily shipped to intertek laboratories providing. Analysis of furanic compounds in transformer oil by. See the manufacturers instruction manual for the specific turns ratio. The primary coil, which receives energy from the ac source. Maintenance and repair of medium power transformers wapic, lagos, nigeria, 27. The purpose and scope of this article is to discuss the history and development of furan testing as one of several diagnostic tools to evaluate the health of transformer paper insulation. The furan data collected over several years were analyzed. Furan analysis is very sensitive, as damage to a few grams of paper is noticeable in the.
The second one is furan derivatives test, which uses software program once the oil is subjected to furan test. It is used in oilfilled transformers, some types of highvoltage capacitors, fluorescent lamp ballasts north america only, and some types of highvoltage switches and circuit breakers. This survey provides the test data and information you need to. Dissolved gas analysis guide for transformers filled with. The following are the methods that are recommended by dielectric systems, inc. Five furans are involved in testing including 2 furfurol 2fol, 2furaldehyde 2fal and 2acetylfuran 2acf.
The secondary coil, which receives energy from the primary winding and delivers it to the load. When the furan count is above 2500ppb, it means the transformer is about to fail. Lots of data and electrical power engineers love lots of data. Astmd5837 standard test method for furanic compounds in. However, a furan test is not a routine or periodic testing item for power transformer. Transformer oil holds critical information on the condition of the transformer from thermal and electrical faults to contamination and degradation of the oil. Mainly two types of transformer are done by manufacturer before dispatching the transformer mainly 1 type test of transformer and 2 routine test. Chemically, furan belongs to the class of organic compounds of the heterocyclic aromatic. This technology analyzes furfural generated by deterioration of transformer insulation in the field. Furanic compounds in electrical insulating liquids yongrun. Transformer oil or insulating oil is an oil that is stable at high temperatures and has excellent electrical insulating properties. The transformer the principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. The doble annual oil survey publishes data and analysis of commercially available transformer mineral oils. With the aid of transformer thermal modeling, the papers dp is estimated and a practical correlation is established between the furan measurements and the papers dp estimates.
Furan analysis for liquid power transformers article pdf available in ieee electrical insulation magazine 276. Here we discuss different types of transformers are the step up and step down transformer, distribution transformer, potential transformer, power transformer, 1. Good linearity was observed from 50 ppb to 9000 ppb with a linear correlation of 0. The experience of dp and furan in remnant life assessment. When a cellulose molecule depolymerises breaks into smaller lengths or ring structures, a chemical compound known as a furan is formed. Without monitoring, these conditions can take a toll on the life of a transformer.
Assessing remnant life of transformer based on furan. The standard test suites are designed for individual. Evaluation of transformer solid insulation transformer chemistry. The power transformer also forms a significant percentage of the total investment in the power system. The institute is looking for a license agreement, commercial agreement with technical assistance, and financial agreement. Because a test confirms what you know, if you can apply in real life what you have learned in a classroom, under strict, rigorous and controlled conditions. Be in the know about available transformer oils and their quality. Furan indicates the compounds of carbon and hydrogen. Monitoring of low levels of furfural in power transformer. In the past, dissolved gas analysis has been the best predictive, noninvasive test for potential failures.
It has been developed with the assistance of bureau of reclamation engineers. Furan concentrations were measured by means of high pressure liquid chromatography according to the iec61189 method. There are several methods of interpreting dissolved gas analysis data in transformers filled with beta fluid. Before proceding with transformer measurements the test engineer will become familiar with the safety rules of section 2. A library of known mass spectra, covering several thousand compounds, is stored. The winding of transformer may be subjected to mechanical stress. Furan test is used to determine the life of a transformer and condition of transformer oil in transformer oil. Transformer core and winding have mainly paper insulation. General and physical tests are suggested twice a year, dissolved gas analysis once a year, and furan testing every 2 years for transformers in operation at least 5 years. Figure 34 test sample consist of copper strip wrapped with transformer paper.